Лена, по информации панамского посольства
http://www.embassyofpanama.org/inmigration-and-visas/ 3 месячный срок относится к паспорту, а не к шенгенской визе. Упомянутая виза просто должна быть действующей (и уже хоть раз использованой) на момент въезда.
Visa Waiver
There is in effect a Law regarding tourist visas for entering the Republic of Panama; EXECUTIVE DECREE # 248 states that:
“Those who hold a valid passport with a 3 months validity left and a valid visa from ONE of the following countries: USA, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia or any of the member countries of the European Union, which has been used at least one time to enter these countries, may enter the Republic of Panama regardless of their nationality”
For more clarification you will qualify for this decree if you comply with all of these requirements:
• Have a valid passport with minimum of three months of validity left.
• Have a valid visa (meaning that it is not expired) from ONE of these countries: USA, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia or any of the member countries of the European Union.
• You must have used this visa to enter the country. For example, if you have a United States Visa, you must have entered the U.S. with that visa in order to qualify for the waiver.
• Immigration officials are accepting as valid the entrance of the holders of a United States permanent resident card under this law.
• You must also show proof of economic solvency for a minimum of US$ 500.00 upon entry.
NOTE: Please make sure you have a minimum of three months of validity left in your passport and a round trip ticket.
For further information please access the following link which contains a copy of the law decree
http://www.gacetaoficial.gob.pa/pdfTemp/26328/19022.pdfКоста Рика выдвигает ещё меньше требований. Её посольство пишет, что виза может истекать хоть на следующий день
http://www.costarica-embassy.org/?q=node/72 просто срок пребывания в стране не может превышать срока действия визы. Вот здесь на 7 странице
http://www.visitcostarica.com/ict/pagin ... os_eng.pdf можно почитать об этом на испанском.
Ну а Никарагуа безвизова для украинцев, правда паспорт должен действовать не менее 6 месяцев.